Introduction to Computer HardwareA computer is a complex system consisting of both hardware and software components
The hardware components of a computer system are the electronic and mechanical parts.
The software components of a computer system are the intangible parts: the data and the computer programs
The major hardware components of a computer system are:
Processor
Main memory
Secondary memory
Input devices
Output devices
The picture shows the major hardware components of a computer system. The arrows show the direction of data flow.
Hardware Components
The bus is a group of wires on the main circuit board of the computer. It is a pathway for data flowing between components. Most devices are connected to the bus through a controller which coordinates the activities of the device and the bus.
Hardware ComponentsThe processor is an electronic device about a one inch square, covered in plastic. Inside the square is an even smaller square of silicon containing millions of tiny electrical parts. A processor may contain 100 million transistors. The processor is the "brain" of the computer system. It does the fundamental computing within the system, and directly or indirectly controls all the other components.
The processor is sometimes called the Central Processing Unit or CPU. A particular computer will have a particular type of processor, such as a Pentium or a SPARCClosely connected to the processor.
contents are quickly and easily changed.
holds the programs and data that the processor is actively working with.
interacts with the processor millions of times per second.
Connected to main memory through the bus and a controller.
The contents are easily changed, but changes are slow compared to main memory.
Used for long-term storage of programs and data.
Before its data and programs can be used, they must be copied inMain Memory
Fast
Expensive
Low capacity
Works directly with the processor
Secondary memory
Slow
CheapOutline
What is computer and history
Data and information
Characteristics of a computer
What is a computer system
Large capacity
Not connected directly to the processoto main memoryComputer is an electronic device which takes data (data may be numbers, letters or both or even sounds) from input device (keyboard), processes it with a high electronic speed (CPU) and gives the result on the output (monitor)
Computer is an electronic device which works faster, reliable and more authentic than human mind first invented by The Unorganized and meaningless Form of Facts and Figure From Which we Can not Makedecision is Called Data. OR
Any Thing before Processing is Called Data
The Processed Form Of Data is Called Information.
OR
The Organized and Meaningful form of Data from which we can Make Decision is called Information
The term software is used for a sequence of instructions given to the computer to perform specific task. A computer can not think about what to do with the data and how to process it (means without software instructions the hardware doesn’t know what to do.)
In other words, we can say that the set of instructions that take data from input devices, manipulate and process that data, and send it to an output device is called software.
Software can generally be divide into tow categories
System software
Application software
System Software
a. Operating System Software
b. Languages
2). Application Software
a. Packages
b. Customized Software1.
Operating System Software
Languages software
These software used to utilizes the computer system
These software acts as coordinate (controller) of all the hardware and hardware as well as Computer Software. An operating system is essential for any computer, because it acts as an interpreter between hardware, application and the user.
Ms Window (Win98, WinXp, win2000, Window Vista), Linux and Macintosh etc are the example Of Operating System.
Operating System Software
Operating system Software is software that Control
Introduction to Computer HardwareA computer is a complex system consisting of both hardware and software components
The hardware components of a computer system are the electronic and mechanical parts.
The software components of a computer system are the intangible parts: the data and the computer programs
The major hardware components of a computer system are:
Processor
Main memory
Secondary memory
Input devices
Output devices
The picture shows the major hardware components of a computer system. The arrows show the direction of data flow.
Hardware Components
The bus is a group of wires on the main circuit board of the computer. It is a pathway for data flowing between components. Most devices are connected to the bus through a controller which coordinates the activities of the device and the bus.
Hardware ComponentsThe processor is an electronic device about a one inch square, covered in plastic. Inside the square is an even smaller square of silicon containing millions of tiny electrical parts. A processor may contain 100 million transistors. The processor is the "brain" of the computer system. It does the fundamental computing within the system, and directly or indirectly controls all the other components.
The processor is sometimes called the Central Processing Unit or CPU. A particular computer will have a particular type of processor, such as a Pentium or a SPARCClosely connected to the processor.
contents are quickly and easily changed.
holds the programs and data that the processor is actively working with.
interacts with the processor millions of times per second.
Connected to main memory through the bus and a controller.
The contents are easily changed, but changes are slow compared to main memory.
Used for long-term storage of programs and data.
Before its data and programs can be used, they must be copied inMain Memory
Fast
Expensive
Low capacity
Works directly with the processor
Secondary memory
Slow
CheapOutline
What is computer and history
Data and information
Characteristics of a computer
What is a computer system
Large capacity
Not connected directly to the processoto main memoryComputer is an electronic device which takes data (data may be numbers, letters or both or even sounds) from input device (keyboard), processes it with a high electronic speed (CPU) and gives the result on the output (monitor)
Computer is an electronic device which works faster, reliable and more authentic than human mind first invented by The Unorganized and meaningless Form of Facts and Figure From Which we Can not Makedecision is Called Data. OR
Any Thing before Processing is Called Data
The Processed Form Of Data is Called Information.
OR
The Organized and Meaningful form of Data from which we can Make Decision is called Information
The term software is used for a sequence of instructions given to the computer to perform specific task. A computer can not think about what to do with the data and how to process it (means without software instructions the hardware doesn’t know what to do.)
In other words, we can say that the set of instructions that take data from input devices, manipulate and process that data, and send it to an output device is called software.
Software can generally be divide into tow categories
System software
Application software
System Software
a. Operating System Software
b. Languages
2). Application Software
a. Packages
b. Customized Software1.
Operating System Software
Languages software
These software used to utilizes the computer system
These software acts as coordinate (controller) of all the hardware and hardware as well as Computer Software. An operating system is essential for any computer, because it acts as an interpreter between hardware, application and the user.
Ms Window (Win98, WinXp, win2000, Window Vista), Linux and Macintosh etc are the example Of Operating System.
Operating System Software
Operating system Software is software that Control
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